endemic plants in south africa

Endemism is the ecological state of a species being native to a single defined geographic location, such as an island, region, state or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. South Africa is famous for its many endemic butterfly species which attract photographers from all over the world hoping to capture their delicate beauty. Other endemic insects include the Cape stag beetles, the Flightless Dung Beetle, the Galloping Dung Beetle, a heel walker, the Cedarberg Cave Katydid, the Silver-spotted Ghost Moth, the Basking Malachite, and the Meganosed Fly. Even plant-supporting soil fungi affected by global warming, study finds. An epidemic occurs when a disease is spreading through one or more populations. There is a strong correlation between the distributions of endemic animals (primarily invertebrates) and endemic plants on the Peninsula, and this is especially true on Table Mountain itself (Picker and Samways, 1996). Among the best-recognized plant species in the hotspot are the proteas, particularly the king protea (Protea cynaroides), which is South Africa's national flower, and the red disa (Disa uniflora). South America - South America - Animal life: South American animal life is particularly rich and well diversified as a result of the wide range of habitats. It is endemic in large parts of Africa as well as some areas of South America. Cryptocarya latifolia (Lauraceae) is an indigenous South African plant used in ethnomedicinal practices. Distribution: C. robusta is endemic to the east coast of South Africa, with its distribution as isolated populations from Port St. Johns in the south (Eastern Cape Province) to Mzimkulu River in the north (KwaZulu-Natal) (Swanevelder, 2003), with a few northern outliers at Oribi Gorge, Paddock, Umtentweni, Southport and one southern outlier just south of Port St. Johns. Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism of plants. Malaria is endemic … The South African Fynbos biome, a global biodiversity hotspot with high endemism and species richness, has six endemic bird species. Most South African avian endemics lurk in one of two places, 1) the Cape (the fynbos and Karoo – the toughest fynbos endemic is Hottentot Buttonquail) and 2) the Drakensberg Escarpment. South African endemic succulent plant in the Cape Province in South Africa - Acheter cette photo libre de droit et découvrir des images similaires sur Adobe Stock This week on In Season's Nicolas from Plant Land talks about the types of indigenous plants in South Africa and the benefits of planting them. Article by Beauty Corner . What we do. The Fynbos ecoregion in South Africa boast of high plant diversity and endemism and has been identified as a biodiversity hotspot by the conservation international. Traditional healers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa are extensively using the bark of C. latifolia as a … The endemic religion of Easter Island arrived with the Polynesian settlers. Some are confined to restricted areas in South Africa, such as the Table Mountain ghost frog and the natal ghost frog. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more). South Africa is popular for its rich flora, containing an estimated 8% of the The fruits have a sharp, slightly curved, and ribbed appearance with a centrally placed brown streak. Endemic species are those species of plants which are found exclusively in a particular geographical area. An endemic family of the non-vascular plant is the aquatic moss Wardiaceae. South Africa hosts some endemic birds in its grasslands. However, studies on climate change effects rarely consider endemic species and their niche properties. If you have a good story to tell or blog, let us know about it on our FB page; we’re also happy for article or review submissions, we’d love to hear from you. The ZZ Plant is known by many names, including Zanzibar Gem, Zuzu Plant, Emerald Palm and the Eternity Plant. Mar 07, 2016. The Role of Edaphic Substrate Versus Altitudinal Climate in Endemic Plant Distribution Patterns in the Cape Midlands Escarpment, Eastern Cape, South Africa V. Ralph Clark & Nigel P. Barker 7.8. 1953; Gorter 1977); however, they have not received attention as invaders of natural ecosystems. To start, we defined the Cape Peninsulaas the areawest ofa line connecting Paarden Island to Muizenberg, including a small part of the western edge of the area known as the Cape Flats. Explanations for such a concentration of endemics include past climate shifts, geotectonic events, modern ecological interactions, and limited dispersal. This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total. Park, 56 species endemic to KwaZulu-Natal, 108 species endemic to the Republic of South Africa, while 467 are listed as threatened in South Africa. I made a return trip to South Africa, this time to the East Cape, in January 2008, and spent two wonderful weeks botanizing from morning to night with the noted South African plant authority Cameron McMaster. Endemic Plants: These are plants that will grow naturally in a specific area. However, an epidemic refers to an outbreak of a disease. Even plant-supporting soil fungi affected by global warming, study finds. Endemic flora and occurrence data. The mammals in South Africa are quite numerous, and most of them can’t be found anywhere else in the world, which makes them extremely special. As one of the most bio-diverse countries in the world, South Africa boasts an inordinate number of bird species, making it a fabulous destination for keen bird-watchers and wildlife enthusiasts. Plants of Namibia: About 4000 seed plants are indigenous to Namibia and almost 15% are considered endemic to the country. 1953; Gorter 1977); however, they have not received attention as invaders of natural ecosystems. South Africa is home to more than 22 000 indigenous seed plants from almost 230 different families. This study evaluated the conservation status and threats to endemic plant species of Griqualand west in South Africa. Silverhill Seeds and Books, Suite 18, Bergvliet, 7864 Cape Town, South Africa Telephone: +27 21 705 4226 / Fax: +27 86 591 3472 E-mail: info@silverhillseeds.co.za I made a return trip to South Africa, this time to the East Cape, in January 2008, and spent two wonderful weeks botanizing from morning to night with the noted South African plant authority Cameron McMaster. We decided to set this right*. Families of plants unique to South Africa include Grubbiaceae, Bruniaceae, Lanariaceae, Roridulaceae, and Geissolomataceae. You will be surprised by how many unique plants and animals live in this part of the world. We compiled a database of South Africa’s endemic flora representing 175 families, 1061 genera, 10,965 species, and 762,655 distribution records (413,491 unique species × location occurrence records) of bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms, using the Checklist of South African plants (Germishuizen et al. South African shelduck, Tadorna cana; Cape shoveler, Anas smithii; Hottentot buttonquail, Turnix hottentotta; Knysna woodpecker, Campethera notata; Ground woodpecker, Geocolaptes olivaceus; Acacia pied barbet, Tricholaema leucomelas; Monteiro's hornbill (Damara hornbill), Tockus monteiri; Southern yellow-billed hornbill, Tockus leucomelas The endemic mammal species here include Cape Grysbok, the Cape Elephant Shrew, the Cape Horseshoe Bat, the Spectacled African Dormouse, and the Cape Mole-rat while other endemic species include the Riverine Rabbit and three types of golden mole: Chrysospalax, Cryptochloris, and Neamblysomus. Image of close, garden, exotic - 186900734 'Typical' toads Furthermore, five of South Africa's 12 endemic plant families and 160 endemic genera are found only in this hotspot. There are also two extinct endemic species including Blue Antilope and Quagga. Taxon Number ofspecies Endemic Species Mammals 247 35 Birds 790 8 Reptiles 299 81 Amphibians 95 45 Freshwater Fish 94-Plants 18 388 11 033.. = no data Source: WCMC (1994) Zimbabwe Zimbabwe ratified the Convention on Biological Diversity in 1994 and the Protocol on Biosafety in 2005. South Africa has a spectacular flora and fauna that can’t be compared to anything else in the world. Prevalent in a particular area or region. (Especially of plants and animals.) Other endemic plants include the Bird of Paradise Flower , the Red Disa , the Rhinoceros Bush , the Cushion Restio , the Clanwilliam Cedar , Rhynchocalyx (iNaturalist), the Kammanassie Erica , Bergeranthus jamesii , the Keurboom , the Silver Tree , the Buck Bay Vygie , a poker Kniphofia leucocephala , the Belladonna Lily , the Cape Strawflower , the Tree Pagoda (Biodiversity Explorer), Penaea acutifolia , and the national flower… With approximately 21,000 plant species originating in South Africa, it’s no secret that South Africa is blessed with an abundant floral kingdom. These range from the fine grasses of the Free State Province and scrubby bushes of the Karoo Region to the dense greenery of the Garden Route forests and the mountain plains of the country's inland.. South Africa is home to more than 22 000 indigenous seed plants from almost 230 different families. As one of the most bio-diverse countries in the world, South Africa boasts an inordinate number of bird species, making it a fabulous destination for keen bird-watchers and wildlife enthusiasts. Endemic diseases are often confused with epidemics. Photographer Filipa Domingues captures striking photos of South Africa's endemic plants. Endemic diseases are often confused with epidemics. Plants. The region includes exquisite flowers such as the king protea (South Africa’s national flower). South Africa is a paradise for lizard lovers, so if you consider yourself to be a gecko freak, then you must come and see these amazing reptiles. Sometimes the Bontebok, the Cape Springbok, the Cape Klipspringer, the Cape Kudu, and the Cape Blue Duiker are considered as full species. South Africa has over 13,000 vascular plant species that are found nowhere else. Image of closeup, green, canary - 186900683 Author: Prof Rudy can der Elst ~ Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban ( Article Type: Overview) South Africa is endowed with an exceptionally rich marine environment. It produces individual flower heads with a long stalk. The tree is big enough to have its own little ecosystem. There are about 164 families of higher plants and of these 32 are represented by only one species. In South Africa, pathogens of crop plants have been well documented (Crous, Phillips & Baxter 2000; Doidge & Bottomley 1931; Doidge et al. South Africa has a fabulous array of indigenous flowers that enhances the country’s natural beauty and diversity. If you ever decide to visit South Africa, you should prepare yourself with some basic knowledge of the flora and fauna you will discover there. One of South Africa’s marvels is its incredible diversity of plant and flower species found in the Cape Floral Kingdom (or the Cape Floristic Region) on the country’s Western Cape. A Podocarpus may be an indigenous South African plant but it is only endemic to certain areas, such as the coastal forest regions in the Eastern Cape, but it is not endemic to Gauteng. In fact, there are 6 recognised Floral Kingdoms in the world and one of them can be found in the Cape – the Cape Floristic Region. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Endemic_flora_of_South_Africa&oldid=957464070, Template Category TOC via CatAutoTOC on category with 301–600 pages, CatAutoTOC generates standard Category TOC, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 19 May 2020, at 00:20. It is endemic in large parts of Africa as well as some areas of South America. Populations of species of conservation importance within the GSLWP include 11 species endemic to the Park, 56 species endemic to KwaZulu-Natal, 108 species endemic to the Republic of South Africa, while 467 are listed as threatened in South Africa. Taxonomic Composition and Spatial Pattern of Endemic Seed Plant Species in Southwest China Wenjing Yang, Jihong Huang & Keping Ma 7.9. The grasslands provide food, shelter, and breeding grounds for these birds. Acacia caffra (=Senegalia caffra) is a very hardy, deciduous, drought … Also found here are the Montane Marsh Frog, Drewes’ Moss Frog, the Mistbelt Chirping Frog, the Tradouw Mountain Toadlet, the Kloof Frog and the Micro Frog. The Zamioculcas is a tropical perennial plant native to south-eastern Africa, from the southern Kenya to north eastern South Africa. Among the best-recognized plant species in the hotspot are the proteas, particularly the king protea (Protea cynaroides), which is South A… While studies on a number of these species are ongoing, little was known about the status and viability of populations of the majority of rare, threatened and endemic species in This is the second highest mammal density of any country in Africa, first being the Democratic Republic of Congo, and tenth in the world. Doidge (1950) noted that with the introduction of crop plants into South Africa, there have been many The Dlinza pinwheel is endemic to the Dlinza forest in South Africa, which covers an area of less than 250 hectares. An endemic species is one whose habitat is unique to a defined geographical location, such as a country, an island or a defined zone of analysis. In total, there are more than 6,350 vascular plant species in this hotspot, nearly 2,440 of which are endemic (40 percent). Doidge (1950) noted that with the introduction of crop plants into South Africa, there have been many Some of the Hawaiian endemic plant species include Yellow hibiscus, Alula, Hawaii silversword, and Akala. Impact of genetically modified plants on the South African flora Thomas, Annie ( University of Pretoria , 2006-09-06 ) Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document other parts of southern and central Africa. Other endemic flora species from this region include the Bird of Paradise Flower, the Red Disa, the Rhinoceros Bush, the Cushion Restio, the Clanwillia… Self censorship is endemic in the UK. Distribution of endemic plant species on the Peninsula is not random, and all areas are not equally rich in localised species. The endemic species include the southern black and blue korhaans, the grey-winged francolin, the Knysna turaco, the Hottentot buttonquail, the southern bald ibis, the forest buzzard, the ground woodpecker, the Cape and Drakensberg rockjumpers, the Cape, eastern and Agulhas long-billed larks, the red, Karoo, Rudd's and Botha's larks, the Cape bulbul, the Victorin's and Knysna warblers, the Drakensberg prinia, … Australian Native Garden Australian Plants Garden Nursery Plant Nursery Burgundy Flowers Yellow Flowers Burgundy Color Hello Hello Plants Low Maintenance Garden. The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 455 total. Gewone Haakdoring, katdoring, Common Hook Thorn, Cat Thorn, Morutlhare, Muvunda-mbado, Umtholo, Motholo, Mbvhinya-xihloka. The Somalian population is believed to be extinct. There are bodies under the giant heads of Easter Island, ‘Britain’s Atlantis’ found at bottom of the North sea, Bannock bread – the best campfire bread ever created, Why does the American West have enormous concrete arrows across it, Survival skills of Native Americans that we can still use today, The hundred year old ‘ghost ship’ discovered in the Ohio River by Kayaker, Drive the most haunted roads in the world, The dangerous waters of Jacob’s Well in Texas, Mysterious new landforms appearing in Siberia. Families of plants unique to South Africa include Grubbiaceae, Bruniaceae, Lanariaceae, Roridulaceae, and Geissolomataceae. Todd Lawson / Getty Images How Endemic Differs From Epidemic . The hirola is slender with a sandy-coloured coat. endemic plant taxa that occur here has ever been puplished. Some of the vegetation and Primate sightings one can see remain endemic in this part. The enormous baobab tree grows mostly in the semi-arid areas of South Africa, north of the Soutpansberg Mountains. Stupidity is endemic in No Zeal-and. Summary of total and endemic species counts in South Africa. Distribution: C. robusta is endemic to the east coast of South Africa, with its distribution as isolated populations from Port St. Johns in the south (Eastern Cape Province) to Mzimkulu River in the north (KwaZulu-Natal) (Swanevelder, 2003), with a few northern outliers at Oribi Gorge, Paddock, Umtentweni, Southport and one southern outlier just south of Port St. Johns. South Africa has over 13,000 vascular plant species that are found nowhere else. (Especially of diseases.) Local plant species richness is very high, with an average of 70 species found in 0.1 hectare test plots, and the diversity between sites in the region is also significant. Good Hope Garden Nursery shared some great tips on indigenous plants that you can easily grow and harvest in your very own garden for medicinal remedies and exciting culinary experiences. They inhabit fast-moving streams. These are indigenous plants that you see growing in the unspoilt areas where you live, but are found only within the confines of South Africa. Moreover, because of its isolation from the rest of the world during Paleogene and Neogene times (about 66 to 2.6 million years ago), the South American landmass is characterized by considerable biological originality. The Andes region of South America harbours one of the largest assemblages of endemic plant and animal species and is one of the most biodiverse and threatened areas of the world [1-5]. An endemic family of the non-vascular plant is the aquatic moss Wardiaceae. Outdoor Revival – Reconnecting us all with the Outdoors. This study evaluated the conservation status and threats to endemic plant species of Griqualand west in South Africa. Also unique to South Africa are Victorin’s Warbler and the Orange-breasted Sunbird. The Solar Fire species usually grows to a height of about 0.05 to 0.5 m high and has finely divided leaves. The initiatives employed by community members to preserve endemic plants which have cultural value are also examined. Baobabs are odd-looking trees with thick trunks and thin, root-like branches, and native South African legend has it that the gods planted the baobab tree upside-down. Most of the birds in South Africa are threatened due to habitat loss and alteration leading to a steady decline in their populations. Birds Endemic and Near-Endemic to South Africa. Inside Africa View All. In contrast the most diverse families are those known to be among the largest families worldwide including the Poaceae Asteraceae and Leguminosae. The Random Harvest indigenous plant finder offers over 1000 plant species, their attributes, as well as a brief description of each. Furthermore, five of South Africa's 12 endemic plant families and 160 endemic genera are found only in this hotspot. 30m2 area! South African endemic mountain plant gives itself up after 147-year absence. These are important not only intrinsically, but also for ecological functioning and as flagships for South Africa’s economically valuable avitourism sector. For an arid region, the Succulent Karoo has extraordinarily high plant endemism. The plant species, which are unique to a defined geographic unit such as an island/nation or habitat type and are not found elsewhere, are known as endemic plant species. Incredibly, more than 6,200 (69 percent) of these species are found nowhere else in the world. Edible indigenous plants offer a great way to eat well and garden with indigenous plants. For example, the orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa and the glacier bear is a subspecies endemic to Southeast Alaska. Here are some of the most important and endemic plants and animals that can be seen only in South Africa. These range from the fine grasses of the Free State Province and scrubby bushes of the Karoo Region to the dense greenery of the Garden Route forests and the mountain plains of the country's inland. Distribution of endemic plant species on the Peninsula does not appear to be random, and all areas are not equally blessed with localized species. Todd Lawson / Getty Images How Endemic Differs From Epidemic . Male hirolas however turn a shade of grey as they age. Among the unique butterfly species, you can find Waterberg Copper, the Brenton Blue, the Forest Swallowtail, the Karkloof Emperor, and Dingaan’s Widow. The CFR is home to about 9,000 vascular plant species, 69 percent of which are endemic (Goldblatt and Manning 2000), and 1,435 (16 percent) of which have Red Data Book status in the South African plant Red Data Book (Hilton-Taylor 1996). Aloe africana; Aloe brevifolia; Aloe comosa; Aloe humilis; Aloe melanacantha; Aloe succotrina; Aloiampelos ciliaris; Aloiampelos commixta; Aloinopsis schooneesii; Amaryllis paradisicola; Anastrabe; Anaxeton; Anderbergia; Anisochaeta; Anisothrix; Anisotoma; Anthochortus; Antithrixia; Aponogeton distachyos; Arctotis stoechadifolia; Arctotis venusta; Arrowsmithia; Askidiosperma Photo about South African endemic succulent plant in the Cape Province in South Africa. Explanations for such a concentration of endemics include past climate shifts, geotectonic events, modern ecological interactions, and limited dispersal. Climate change seriously threatens biodiversity, particularly in mountain ecosystems. Of course, this is only a very small example of the diverse plant life of South Africa. Using species distribution models, we assessed the impact of climate change on the endemic flora of the richest centre of endemism in the Alps: the South-Western Alps. An epidemic occurs when a disease is spreading through one or more populations. The Geometric Tortoise, the Speckled Padloper, the Southern Adder, Fisk’s House Snake, the Black Thread Snake, the Giant Girdled Lizard or Sungazer, the Pondo Flat Gecko, the Augrabies Flat Lizard, the Namaqua Plated Lizard, the Knysna Dwarf Chameleon, Austen’s Gecko, and the Cape Legless Skink. One of the world’s rarest and most Endangered antelope, the hirola is endemic to north-east Kenya and south-west Somalia. In South Africa, pathogens of crop plants have been well documented (Crous, Phillips & Baxter 2000; Doidge & Bottomley 1931; Doidge et al. In some places we have recorded up to eight Peninsula endemics growing within a. Obesity is endemic in this country. Amphibians that can only be found in South Africa include the Table Mountain Ghost Frog, the Knysna Spiny Reed Frog, the Bush Squeaker, the Spotted Snout-burrower. Other endemic species include the Soutpansberg Rock Lizard and Peringuey’s Coastal Leaf-toed Gecko. The South African Fynbos biome, a global biodiversity hotspot with high endemism and species richness, has six endemic bird species. The Andes region of South America harbours one of the largest assemblages of endemic plant and animal species and is one of the most biodiverse and threatened areas of the world [1-5]. Birds and insects may live in the trunks, and baboons and … South African endemic mountain plant gives itself up after 147-year absence. Besides the huge diversity of ecosystems, at least 11 130 species of marine animals and numerous species of marine plants and seaweeds have been identified. South African endemic succulent plant in the Cape Province in South Africa - Buy this stock photo and explore similar images at Adobe Stock Sales: 800-685-3602 Sell The solar fire is an annual and herbaceous plant belonging to the Ursinia genus, endemic to South Africa. Apr 19, 2016. On the endemic bird list of South Africa, again, there are plenty of species that you won’t see at no other place on Earth. Other endemic flora species from this region include the Bird of Paradise Flower, the Red Disa, the Rhinoceros Bush, the Cushion Restio, the Clanwilliam Cedar, Rhynchocalyx, the Kammanassie Erica, Bergeranthus jamesii, the Keurboom, the Silver Tree, the Buck Bay Vygie, Kniphofia leucocephala, the Belladonna Lily, the Cape Strawflower, the Forest Lily, the Tree Pagoda, Penaea acutifolia, and the national flower, the King Protea. 2006) to crosscheck species endemism. Kangaroos are endemic to Australia. Some of these exotic birds are: the Southern Black Bustard, the Hottentot Buttonquail, the Forest Buzzard, the Knysna Woodpecker, the Cape Parrot, Botha’s Lark, the Red Lark, the Cape Rockjumper, the Knysna Warbler, the Cape Bulbul, the Cape Sugarbird, the Cape Siskin, and the Protea Canary. Peculiar to a particular area or region; not found in other places. This study evaluated the conservation status and threats to endemic plant species of Griqualand west in South Africa. The extreme opposite of an endemic species is one with a cosmopolitan … The Cape Floristic Region is home to the greatest non-tropical concentration of higher plant species in the world, with 9,000 species crammed into its small extent. Mar 07, 2016. This study was conducted to examine how climate change is perceived by a rural community in Limpopo Province, South Africa, and to investigate how such changes affect endemic plant species upon which community members depend for their livelihoods. Apr 19, 2016. The CFR includes 5 endemic plant families and 160 endemic genera. If you have any comments then please drop us a message on our Outdoor Revival Facebook page. However, an epidemic refers to an outbreak of a disease. Biodiversity plays an important role in … Hawaii and the neighboring islands have a wealth of locally-evolved species. In 36% of cases endemic in is used. Marine Life of Southern Africa. Weirdly named reptiles, aren’t they? The Botanical Society of South Africa encourages the wise use of indigenous plants in southern Africa. Leucadendron is a genus of about 80 species of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae endemic to South Africa where they are a prominent part of the fynb. So high is South Africa’s plant … The e-Flora of South Africa (e-Flora SA) project was initiated to produce an online, open-access Flora in response to a global effort to conserve our plant biodiversity. We live in a beautiful world, get out there and enjoy it. These are important not only intrinsically, but also for ecological functioning and as flagships for South Africa’s economically valuable avitourism sector. Around 80% of the South African population use traditional medicines to meet their primary health care needs; however, only a few South African medicinal plants have been exploited to their full potential in terms of commercialization. Are not equally rich in localised species to 0.5 m high and has finely divided leaves, of. Following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total valuable avitourism sector some of the world species that both. Lizard and Peringuey ’ s economically valuable avitourism sector vascular plant species are... Taxonomic Composition and Spatial Pattern of endemic seed plant species that are found only in category. If you have any comments then please drop us a message on Outdoor! And ribbed appearance with a long stalk the Orange-breasted Sunbird of cases endemic in large of! 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